鼻／外套／査察官 ゴーゴリ 著 ｺﾞ-ｺﾞﾘ 光文社 :9784334751166

**小説を通じて虚実の違いを強調するゴーゴリの軌跡**
ロシア帝国出身の小説家、劇作家。社会の腐敗や人間の卑俗さを鋭く風刺しながら描写した代表作は『ディカーニカ近郷夜話』、『ミルゴロド』、『検察官』、『外套』、『死せる魂』など。
生涯
1809年、ポルタヴァ県ソロチンツィの小地主の家に生まれる。父はアマチュア劇作家で、ウクライナ語による劇作品を2篇書いている。1818年に弟が死去し、ゴーゴリは深い衝撃を受ける。
1821年からネージンの高等中学校に通い、学業よりも絵画と文学に熱中した。卒業後、首都ペテルブルクに出てV.アロフという筆名で叙事詩『ガンツ・キュヘリガルテン』を自費出版するも酷評を受け、失意のあまり国外に逃亡する。
1830年から最初の散文作品『ディカーニカ近郷夜話』第1部を匿名で発表し、一躍人気作家となる。歴史小説『ゲチマン』の第1部も発表するが、未完のままに終わる。
1832年には故郷に帰り口碑と歌謡の収集を行い、『ディカーニカ近郷夜話』第2部を出版する。1833年から1834年までは『昔気質の地主たち』などの小説や評論を書き、喜劇『結婚』未定稿も書いた。
Q：何をされた方ですか？
虚実の違いを強調することで社会の腐敗や人間の卑俗さに鋭く切り込む作家として世の中に影響を与えた。
Q：有名な作品は何ですか？
『ディカーニカ近郷夜話』と『検察官』は代表的な作品であり、後者は戯曲としても評価されており、「喜劇の傑作」と呼ばれています。
English Summary
**Gogol's trajectory that emphasizes the difference between reality and fiction through the novel**
Novelist and playwright from the Russian Empire. His representative works, which sharply satirize the corruption of society and the vulgarity of human beings, include ``Dikanica Neighborhood Night Stories,'' ``Mirgorod,'' ``The Prosecutor,'' ``The Cloak,'' and ``Dead Souls.''
lifetime
Born in 1809 in Sorochyntsi, Poltava region, into a family of small landowners. Her father is an amateur playwright and has written two plays in Ukrainian. When his younger brother died in 1818, Gogol was deeply shocked.
From 1821, he attended the upper secondary school in Nagin, where he was more interested in painting and literature than academic studies. After graduating, he moved to the capital Petersburg and self-published the epic poem Ganz Kühligarten under the pseudonym V. Alof, but it received harsh reviews and, in despair, he fled the country.
In 1830, he anonymously published the first part of his first prose work, ``Dikanica Neighborhood Night Stories,'' and became a popular writer. He also announced the first part of his historical novel ``Gechiman,'' but it remained unfinished.
In 1832, he returned to his hometown, collected inscriptions and songs, and published the second part of ``Dikanica Neighborhood Night Stories.'' From 1833 to 1834, he wrote novels and reviews such as ``The Old-fashioned Landlords,'' as well as an unfinished version of the comedy ``Marriage.''
Q: What did you do?
He influenced the world as a writer who sharply cuts into the corruption of society and the vulgarity of human beings by emphasizing the difference between reality and fiction.
Q: What are your famous works?
``Dikanica Neighborhood Night Stories'' and ``The Prosecutor'' are representative works, and the latter has been praised as a play and has been called a ``comedic masterpiece.''
Wikipedia：ゴーゴリ